Foundations of Data Science slides
Build a strong foundation in Data Science with essential concepts from statistics, probability, and data analysis. Learn the core knowledge needed to confidently progress toward Machine Learning, AI, and advanced analytics.
Build a strong foundation before diving into Data Science and Machine Learning.
Learn essential concepts in descriptive and inferential statistics.
Understand probability, random variables, conditional probability, and likelihood.
Master concepts such as variance, correlation, hypothesis testing, p-values, and statistical errors.
Explore these concepts through beginner-friendly, practical, and story-driven tutorials.
Gain the confidence and mathematical foundation needed for Machine Learning, AI, and advanced analytics.
What You'll Learn
Introduction
Mean, Median & Mode: The Three Faces of "Typical"
Three ways to answer one question — "what's the typical value?" The mean uses every number but bend…
38 minWhat Is Descriptive Statistics? Centre, Spread & Shape
Before you predict anything, you have to describe what you have. Descriptive statistics compresses …
39 minWhat Is Variance? Measuring the Spread Around the Mean
The average is only half the story. Variance measures how far values scatter from the mean — the nu…
35 minNominal, Ordinal, Interval & Ratio: The Four Types of Data
Before any statistic makes sense, you have to know what kind of number you're holding. Stevens' fou…
36 minWhat Is Standard Deviation?
Variance in units you can read. Standard deviation answers "on average, how far is each value from …
36 minQuartiles, IQR & Outlier Detection: The Robust Toolkit
Split sorted data into four equal parts, measure the middle 50%, and let a simple fence flag what d…
36 minUnderstanding Box Plots: Read a Whole Distribution at a Glance
One compact chart that shows a dataset's centre, spread, skew, and outliers all at once. This tutor…
34 minWhat Is Correlation? Strength, Direction & the Causation Trap
One number from −1 to +1 that captures how two variables move together — the sign is direction, the…
41 minCovariance Explained: What It Measures, Formula & Examples
The number behind correlation. Covariance answers one question — do two variables move together? — …
32 minKurtosis Explained: Leptokurtic, Platykurtic & Mesokurtic
The shape statistic that measures tail heaviness — how likely extreme values are, not how "pointy" …
33 min